Closing Statements/Summations
After all the evidence has been presented and both parties have rested, the prosecution and defense will deliver closing statements, also referred to as summation. The summation is each party’s opportunity to summarize the evidence in a way that shapes the case towards their position and try to convince the judge or jury to see the case their way. The defendant, through his/her attorney, delivers his/her closing statement first. Then the prosecution delivers their closing statement. Just like the opening statements, the attorneys’ comments during summation are not evidence. But the way they frame the evidence can make a significant impact on the jury’s deliberations and verdict. If the opening statement is the movie trailer, think of the summation as the video montage putting together all the pieces and framing them towards the view of guilty or not guilty.